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Submodule 2: Invasive Species Defined
Terminology
The European Starling (Sturnus
vulgaris) competes with native
species
and destroys crops.
Invasive species are species that inflict or are likely to inflict economic or environmental damage to an area. In general, they have been introduced into this country, although some species that are native to one area of the U.S. have become invasive in a different area of the country. The introduction of invasive species is normally the result of human activity, and can include plants, animals, and microbes.
Let's look at some of the terms used when referring to invasive species.
Invasive species: a species that is non-native (or alien) to the ecosystem under consideration and whose introduction causes or is likely to cause economic or environmental harm or harm to human health (as defined by the Executive Order 13112).
Non-native species: a species found in a particular area of interest that has been artificially brought into the area, usually by human action. Same as Non-indigenous or introduced species. Note that many non-native species are not invasive.
Exotic (or alien) species: a species that is not native to a particular region; usually referring to species that are not native to the U.S.
Noxious species: a species that is harmful or has the potential to be harmful in its environment.
Invasive species do not necessarily come from foreign lands. A species that is non-invasive and indigenous to one area of the US can spread (intentionally or unintentionally) to another part of the US where it may become invasive.
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